Molecular Biomedicine Lab (MBL) is a global stem cell research group that has a network with Max Planck Institute, the world-leading research institute. MBL aims to develop novel stem cell technologies to treat incurable disease. Direct conversion is a technology that can generate target cells from skin cells by bypassing the pluripotent stage thereby solving the tumorigenic risk of pluripotent stem cells. MBL focuses on developing stem cell treatments that repair damaged tissues or damaged organs using patient-specific stem cells generated by direct conversion technology, organoid technology or stem cellbased tissues produced by 3D bio-printing technology.Our research is based on an understanding of the mechanism of iPS reprogramming, direct conversion and the generation of patientspecific stem cells for future cell therapy. The aim is to develop innovative cell therapeutic methods for clinical applications and possible solutions for degenerative and currently incurable disease. In addition, iPS cells and direct conversion can also be used for innovative techniques of drug screening and toxicity tests. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of iPS cell and direct converted cells are very promising.