Dlucidating the Impact of Microstructural Factors in Ag-C Interlayers on Lithium Deposition Behavior in Anode-Free All-Solid-State Batteries

Abstract

While the introduction of Ag-C interlayers in anode-free all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) mitigates direct physical contact at the interface, existing research has predominantly focused on bulk properties or the carbon matrix itself. Although lithiophilic silver facilitates uniform lithium plating, its effectiveness is often compromised at higher concentrations due to the agglomeration of Ag particles, highlighting the critical need to decouple the variables of Ag content and dispersion to identify the optimal distribution within the electrode. By simultaneously controlling these two variables, this study reveals that the distribution of effective lithiophilic sites, rather than absolute Ag content, governs Li nucleation behavior, offering a novel framework for optimizing interlayer design.