Two-phase Carreau bio-magnetic hybrid nanofluid flow over an inclined spinning disk: numerical simulation and machine learning

Abstract

Using blood as a base fluid, this article explores more physical findings on improving titanium (Ti) and gold (Au) thermophysical properties due to a rotating porous disk. The effects of linear heat radiation and entropy generation caused by a radially porous stretched sheet in a two-phase Carreau hybrid nanofluid flow have been studied. In porous media, the Darcy-Forchheimer relation is nonlinear. Air conditioners and other heating and cooling systems benefit from non-Newtonian fluids since they are far more adept at heat transfer than Newtonian fluids. A typical non-Newtonian fluid in our daily lives is blood. A theoretical analysis of the constant three-dimensional flow of Carreau fluid over a rotating and stretching disk has been conducted here due to the importance of Carreau fluid. The present problem constitutive equations have been transformed into ordinary differential equations by selecting the proper transformations by using a bvp4c is a numerical method that solves the reduced system. It is addressed and illustrated with graphs of relevant parameters that affect the skin friction coefficient, temperature, entropy, velocity, Bejan number, and Nusselt number. In addition, the ANN approach has been employed to extract the values of skin friction and Nusselt number for comparison. According to our findings, the Brinkman number, the momentum slip parameter, and the nanoparticle volume fraction parameter increase entropy formation. A decrease in the velocity outlines and a rise in the energy outlines were also noted in the results when the Hartmann parameter values were raised. The Eckert number slows heat transfer rate, whereas the Weissenberg number increases skin friction coefficients are increased by the Weissenberg number. As a result, this study is unique, significantly drives the biomedical industry and many engineering fields, and motivates researchers in the future.