The geometric and electronic structure of a C60 molecular layer on the Au(001) surfaces was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The interaction between the substrate and over-layer is strong enough that the C60 monolayer is commensurate and uniaxially stressed along the [110] direction. As a result of stress the charge density around the C60 molecule appears to be deformed. Charge transfer was observed in ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy, revealing the adsorption mechanism of the C60 molecule on this substrate.