Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of two-dimensional materials with intriguing physical and chemical properties. Consequently, they have attracted significant interest in various disciplines. Owing to their high catalytic activity, excellent chemical stability, and large specific surface area, TMDs are potential alternatives to precious metal-based electrocatalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction. This review presents strategies for efficient hydrogen generation by TMD-based electrocatalysis, and discusses future challenges for these material systems.