Design issues for real-time remote robotic science operations support tools: Observations from the field

Abstract

Real-time remote robotic science operations will be a key part of future planetary exploration missions because the use of robots can reduce operational costs and increase scientific returns. To better understand real-time remote robotic science operations, and to provide practical guidance for improving the design of operations support tools, we conducted in-field observations of a team of 14 scientists remotely operating a planetary rover during a five-day prospecting mission. On the basis of our results, we identify the characteristics of real-time remote robotic science operations. In addition, we discuss the identified challenges, opportunities, and guidelines associated with improving the design of support tools. We expect that our findings will inform future research on robotic operations support tools and future study of additional use cases, including numerous terrestrial field science deployments and a planned 2020 NASA lunar rover mission.