Effects of natural organic matter and ionic species on membrane surface charge

Abstract

The surface charges of clean and natural organic matter (NOM) adsorbed membrane surfaces of two different types of membranes (a UF and a NF membrane composed of the same material but having different pore sizes) were investigated Concentrated NOM and its fractionated constituents were used as adsorbate and interacting macromolecules near the membrane surface The potential and the acidity of membranes were measured using electrophoresis and potentiometric titration methods respectively from the perspective of charge characterization along with demonstration of ionic strength effects The membrane surface was also characterized with attenuated total refractive Fourier transform infrared spectra to determine intrinsic functional groups and those changes before and after NOM adsorption As a comparative study for the electrokinetic property of membrane the potentials for both examined polymeric membranes were determined by the electrophoresis and the streaming potential measurement methods as functions of ionic strength and the pH of measuring solution Selectivity tests were performed to decide the relative importance of charge valence of cation in terms of the surface charge of membrane It was demonstrated that divalent cations (Ca2+ Mg2+) increase zeta potentials relatively compared to monovalent cations (Na+ K+) because divalent cations have a greater potential in approaching membrane surfaces (i e inside the Stern layer) Thus divalent cations can provide a greater double layer compaction and when near the shear plane (available for both the potential measurement methods) exist to a lesser extent than monovalent cations