Zero-dimensional heterostructures: N-doped graphene dots/SnO(2)for ultrasensitive and selective NO(2)gas sensing at low temperatures

Abstract

To enable the sensitive and selective monitoring of NO(2)gas at low ppb concentrations, zero-dimensional N-doped graphene dot/SnO(2)quantum dot (N-GD-SnO2) heterostructures are preparedviaa simple wet-chemical method. In comparison with pristine-SnO2, our fabricated device exhibits an enhanced response (R-g/R-a= 292) with a short response (181 s) and recovery time (81 s) toward 100 ppb NO(2)gas at 150 degrees C; furthermore, the response increases to 4336 as the temperature decreases to 50 degrees C. The sensor also exhibits the distinct capability to detect NO(2)with an ultralow concentration of 20 ppb with high response. This dramatic enhancement is attributed to enhanced electron transfer from SnO(2)to N-GDs and stronger adsorption of NO(2)molecules onto the N-GDs' surface. Additionally, zero-dimensional morphology also helped to enhanced sensing performance due to large surface area, more active sites, and better nanoscale interface. Finally, the sensor exhibits the characteristics of excellent selectivity toward NO(2)over other gases (SO2, H2S, CO, and NH3). Thus, our research provides a new approach toward zero-dimensional heterostructures for gas-sensing applications.