Propyl gallate inhibits adipogenesis by stimulating extracellular signal-related kinases pathway in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Mesencymal stem cells (MSCs) are isolated from various mesenchymal tissues and differentiate into osteoblast, myocyte, and adipocyte. MSCs are easily obtained without ethical issue, and modulation of MSCs differentiation applies to various therapies. Moreover, the significance of modulating factor in MSCs differentiation is on the rise, we identified Propyl gallate, which can regulate differentiation of MSCs. PG is used as an additives in various foods that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Although the function of PG is well identified in different cell types, it is unknown that PG has an effect on stem cell differentiation. We demonstrate that PG suppresses adipocyte differentiation in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) by reduced lipid droplets accumulation. Further, PG reduced expression of adipocyte-specific markers, including PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and lipoprotein lipase. PG inhibited adipogenesis of hAMSCs through ERK pathway and the inhibition was recovered in response to blockage of ERK activation. Collectively these results demonstrate unusual function of PG on adipocyte differentiation in hAMSCs and PG inhibits adipocyte differentiation through ERK signaling pathway and decrease of PPAR-γ activity.