A 2-8 GHz wideband dually frequency-tuned ring-VCO with a scalable K VCO

Abstract

A 2-8 GHZ wideband dual-tuned ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been designed and fabricated in TSMC 65nm CMOS process. Using a 6-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that provided the Vcoarse, the entire frequency range was evenly divided into 64 sub-bands. Next, the oscillation frequency was finely tuned by Vfine to control the strength of the latches in the delay cell of the VCO. In addition, 4-bit latch bank was used in each delay cell to ensure that the KVCO was scalable. The active silicon area was 0.038 mm2 and the power consumption was 1.7 and 6.8 mW at 2 and 8 GHz, respectively.