Development of patternable nanoporous carbon electrodes for use as biosensors based on redox cycling effect

Abstract

This paper reports a highly sensitive electrochemical-enzymatic redox cycling based biosensor platform using patternable nanoporous carbon electrodes. 3D carbon electrodes with macro-/micro-sized pores were fabricated in a batch way using microwave O2 plasma etching and carbon-MEMS consisting of conventional UV-lithography and pyrolysis. Enzymes (glucose oxidase (GOx) in this study) were immobilized on the nanoporous carbon electrode via diazonium reduction. The enzyme-functionalized nanoporous carbon based sensors exhibited enhanced response for glucose with limits of detection of 216 μM and sensitivity of 53.42 μM mM-1 cm-2 compared to a bare-carbon-based sensor by 2.1 times and 26.0 % respectively.