Ultrafast and on-demand oil/water separation with vertically aligned cellulosic smart sponge

Abstract

Slow oil sorption speed of commercial non-woven polypropylene (PP) sorbent remains a major challenge for efficient clean-up of oil spillage. Adsorption-based polymeric sponge oil removing offers an appealing way to solve this challenge by increasing surface area. However, the tortuous oil sorption path and plastic waste after oil uptake are two long-standing bottlenecks for realizing efficient oil spill removal. Here, we report a vertically aligned-biomass fiber junctioned sorbents (a-BFJS), by confining delignified biomass with carbon nanotube (CNT), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS). The sorbent shows an excellent perfor-mance towards xylene sorption capacity with uptake about 50 g g-1 within 10 s. This is due to the wide and short pathway of their aligned channels, which improves the capillary effect and fast oil transport in the oriented channels. Moreover, the sponge exhibits fast oil sorption-desorption kinetics enabled by simple mechanical squeezing. We further engineered a scalable rapid continuous oil skimming with simple peristaltic pump. The oil recovering using a-BFJS realized high oil selectivity from xylene/water emulsion. Our demonstration of the high-performance aligned channel sorbent and scalable oil removing sponge offers an eco-friendly and promising strategy for efficiently removing oil from oil spills from water.