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Lee, Changha
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Nitrite ion mitigates the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during chloramination of ranitidine

Author(s)
Seid, Mingizem GashawCho, KangwooLee, ChanghaPark, Hyun-MeeHong, Seok Won
Issued Date
2018-08
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.181
URI
https://scholarworks.unist.ac.kr/handle/201301/24136
Fulltext
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718309409?via%3Dihub
Citation
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, v.633, pp.352 - 359
Abstract
Ranitidine (RNT) has been an important tertiary amine precursor of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in chlorine-based water treatment, due to reaction with monochloramine (NH2Cl) with exceptionally high molar yields up to 90%. This study examined the effects of nitrite ions (NO2-) on the kinetics of NDMA formation during the chloramination of RNT under variable concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO, 0.7-7.5 mg/L), RNT (5-30 mu M), NH2Cl (5-20 mM), NO2- or NO3- (0-2 mM) and pH (5.6-8.6). In the absence of the NO2-, the ultimate molar yield of NDMA after 6 h of reaction was primarily influenced by [DO] and pH, while marginally affected by initial [RNT] and [NH2Cl]. A kinetic model, prepared in accordance with the reaction sequence of NDMA formation, suggested that the rate determining step was accelerated with increasing [NH2Cl](0), [DO], and pH. A Kinetic study together with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF MS) and gas chromatography (GC)/TOF MS analyses in parallel demonstrated that the nitrite ion inhibited the nucleophilic substitution of the terminal amine on NH2Cl, and reduced the pseudo-steady state concentration of N-peroxyl radicals, significantly decreasing the ultimate yields of NDMA. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
ISSN
0048-9697
Keyword (Author)
ChloraminationKineticsN-nitrosodimethylamineNitrite ionRanitidineReaction pathway
Keyword
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTSWASTE-WATER TREATMENTDRINKING-WATERAQUEOUS-SOLUTIONTERTIARY-AMINESORGANIC-MATTERSURFACE WATERSKINETICSCHLORINATIONPHARMACEUTICALS

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